Are there any national or international standards for EVA bag quality testing?

Are there any national or international standards for EVA bag quality testing?
EVA bags, that is, bags made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), are widely used in various fields due to their lightness, durability and good cushioning performance. For the quality testing of EVA bags, there are indeed a series of national and international standards to ensure the safety and reliability of the products. Here are some key EVA bag quality testing standards:

International Standards
ISO 1629-1: This is a test method standard for EVA materials developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), covering physical property tests of EVA materials, such as tensile strength, elongation at break, etc.

ASTM D1043: EVA material standard developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), covering physical property test methods of EVA materials

National Standards
GB/T 2000: Test methods for EVA materials in China’s national standards, including physical property tests of EVA materials

GB/T 1200: This is a density test method for EVA materials in China’s national standards

GB/T 29848-2018: Specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) films for photovoltaic module encapsulation

GB/T 27934.2-2011: Process control and detection methods for laminating printed paper Part 2: Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) hot melt adhesive pre-coating film

GB/T 31984-2015: Test method for vinyl acetate content in ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer for photovoltaic modules Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

Industry standards
HG/T 2877: Chemical industry standard, involving the production process and product quality requirements of EVA materials

QB/T 2309: Light industry standard, involving the application standard of EVA materials in footwear materials

Environmental protection standards
RoHS Directive: Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment, the application of EVA materials in electronic equipment needs to comply with this directive

REACH Regulation: EU regulations on the registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals, the production and use of EVA materials need to comply with the requirements of REACH Regulation

Performance requirements and test methods
The performance requirements of EVA materials usually include physical properties, thermal properties, chemical properties and environmental adaptability. The test methods include tensile test, hardness test, compression permanent deformation test and thermal analysis test, etc.

By following these standards, the production and use of EVA bags can ensure their quality and safety and meet the needs of different markets and application areas. These standards not only cover the basic physical performance tests of EVA materials, but also include environmental protection and industry-specific requirements, providing comprehensive guarantee for the quality of EVA bags.

Supplementary explanation:
What are the main requirements of GB/T 29848-2018?

GB/T 29848-2018 is China’s national standard, which mainly stipulates the requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) films for photovoltaic module encapsulation. The following are some of the main requirements specified in the standard:

Scope of application: This standard applies to EVA films for photovoltaic module encapsulation, and specifies transparent EVA films and white EVA films

Terms and definitions: Added the terms and definitions of transparent EVA films, white EVA films, and surface density, and deleted the terms and definitions of EVA films, crosslinking degree, and shrinkage rate

Specification requirements: Modified the specification requirements, divided into transparent EVA specifications and white EVA specifications, and added surface density deviation

Appearance requirements: Added the requirements of “no creases and no stains”

Physical performance requirements: Added the physical performance requirements of transparent EVA, modified the transmittance, peel strength, volume resistivity, UV aging resistance, high temperature and high humidity aging performance, and changed the breakdown voltage strength to electrical strength, added tensile strength, elongation at break, tracking resistance index, dry heat aging performance (optional item), UV high temperature and high humidity aging performance (optional item), PCT aging performance (optional item)

Test conditions: Change “sample requirements” to “test conditions” Parts”, and modified the relevant requirements

Test methods: modified the thickness test method, added the surface density deviation test method; modified the appearance inspection method; added the surface density deviation test method; deleted the vinyl acetate (VA) content test method; modified the transmittance test method; added the reflectivity test method; modified the crosslinking degree test method; added the tensile strength and elongation at break test methods; modified the peel strength test method; modified the shrinkage test method; modified the electrical strength test method; added the tracking resistance index test method; modified the UV aging resistance test method; modified the high temperature and high humidity aging performance test method; added the dry heat aging performance, UV high temperature and high humidity aging performance, PCT aging performance test methods

Inspection rules: added “specifications and deviations” to the factory inspection items; modified the type inspection

Packaging, transportation and storage: modified the product’s shelf life after the packaging box is opened

These regulations ensure the performance and quality of EVA film in photovoltaic module encapsulation to meet the needs of the photovoltaic industry.

What test items are included in the ASTM D1043 standard?

The ASTM D1043 standard mainly involves torsion testing of plastic materials under temperature changes to determine their rigidity characteristics. The following are some of the test items included in the ASTM D1043 standard:

Torsional stiffness: Testing the torsional stiffness of plastic materials at different temperatures, which is an important parameter for measuring the material’s ability to resist torsional deformation

Temperature dependence: Evaluating how the torsional stiffness of plastic materials changes with temperature, which is critical to understanding the performance of materials under different environmental conditions

Torsional creep: Measuring the torsional deformation of plastic materials over time under constant torque to evaluate the long-term stability of the material

Torsional relaxation: Evaluating the torque of plastic materials under constant torsional deformation over time to understand the stress relaxation characteristics of the material

The ASTM D1043 standard provides a method to evaluate these performance indicators of plastic materials through torsion testing, which is of great significance in terms of material selection, product design and quality control. Through these test items, the reliability and durability of plastic materials in various applications can be ensured.